Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, obesity, cancers and chronic respiratory disorders, constitute a major global public-health challenge. Their development is strongly influenced by modifiable factors such as unhealthy dietary practices, physical inactivity, disturbed sleep, psychological stress, tobacco use, harmful alcohol consumption and environmental exposures. Ayurveda gives primary importance to preservation of health through systematic daily and seasonal practices described under Dinacharya and Ritucharya. Dinacharya recommends regularity in waking and sleeping, personal and oral hygiene, physical exercise, massage, bathing, timely food intake, appropriate occupational activity and behavioural discipline. Ritucharya recommends gradual modification of diet, physical activity, clothing, sleep and other lifestyle practices according to seasonal changes in environmental temperature, humidity, daylight and physiological strength. The present narrative review explores the possible role of Dinacharya and Ritucharya in preventing NCDs by integrating classical Ayurvedic principles with contemporary evidence concerning circadian rhythm, sleep regularity, physical activity, meal timing, stress regulation and seasonal variation in metabolic and cardiovascular parameters. Experimental and epidemiological studies demonstrate that circadian misalignment, irregular sleep, physical inactivity, inappropriate meal timing and failure to adapt behaviour to climatic conditions are associated with insulin resistance, hypertension, obesity, inflammation and cardiovascular events. Many components of Dinacharya and Ritucharya therefore show conceptual and functional convergence with evidence-based lifestyle medicine. Nevertheless, direct long-term clinical trials evaluating the complete classical regimens for preventing NCD incidence are limited. Dinacharya and Ritucharya should consequently be considered structured, culturally acceptable and potentially cost-effective frameworks for primordial and primary prevention rather than replacements for medical screening or treatment. Individualized implementation according to age, constitution, occupation, disease status, geographical region and environmental conditions may support healthier behaviour, biological rhythm and metabolic resilience.